Nsanja yolekanitsa mpweya ndi chida chofunikira chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kulekanitsa magawo akulu a mpweya mumlengalenga kukhala nayitrogeni, mpweya, ndi mpweya wina wosowa. Kayendedwe kake kamakhala ndi masitepe monga kuponderezana kwa mpweya, kuziziritsa, kuyeretsedwa, kuziziritsa, ndi kupukutira. Kuwongolera bwino kwa sitepe iliyonse ndikofunikira pakuwonetsetsa chiyero ndi kukhazikika kwa zinthu zomaliza za gasi. Nkhaniyi ipereka tsatanetsatane wa ndondomeko yoyendetsera nsanja yolekanitsa mpweya.
1. Kuponderezana kwa Air ndi Pre-kuzizira
Gawo loyamba mu ndondomeko ya nsanja yolekanitsa mpweya ndikukanikiza mpweya wa mumlengalenga. Kupyolera mu magawo angapo a ma compressor a mpweya, mpweya umapanikizidwa mpaka kukakamiza kwa mipiringidzo 5-7. Panthawi yopanikizana, kutentha kwa mpweya woponderezedwa kumakweranso, kotero kuti zozizira zapakati ndi zozizira zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuchepetsa kutentha kwa mpweya. Pofuna kuti kompresa isawonongeke ndi zonyansa za mumlengalenga, tinthu tating'onoting'ono ta mpweya timachotsedwa kudzera muzosefera. Mpweya wopanikizidwawo umatumizidwa ku makina oziziritsa kale kuti uziziziritsanso, makamaka pogwiritsa ntchito madzi ozizira kapena mafiriji monga Freon, kuziziritsa mpweya ku pafupifupi 5°C.
2. Kuyeretsa Mpweya ndi Kutaya madzi m'thupi
Pambuyo pozizira kale, mpweya uli ndi chinyezi chochepa komanso mpweya woipa. Zonyansazi zimatha kupanga ayezi pamtunda wochepa komanso kutsekereza zida. Choncho, mpweya uyenera kuyeretsedwa ndi kuchotsedwa madzi. Izi nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsa ntchito ma molecular sieve adsorption towers, kudzera munthawi ndi nthawi komanso njira zosinthira kuti achotse mpweya wamadzi, mpweya woipa, ndi ma hydrocarbons, ndi zina zambiri, kuwonetsetsa kuti njira zotsika kutentha zikuyenda bwino. Mpweya woyeretsedwa ndi woyera ndi wouma, woyenera kuzizira kotsatira ndi kulekanitsa.
3. Main Heat Exchanger Kuziziritsa Mpweya
Mpweya woyeretsedwa umakhazikika mu chotenthetsera chachikulu cha kutentha kudzera mukuzizira kwambiri. Chowotcha chachikulu cha kutentha ndi chimodzi mwa zida zofunika kwambiri pakupanga nsanja yolekanitsa mpweya. Mpweya waukulu wotenthetsera kutentha umadutsa kusinthana kwa kutentha ndi nayitrogeni yozizira yosiyana ndi mpweya, kutsitsa kutentha kwake kuyandikira kutentha kwa liquefaction. Kutentha kwa kutentha panthawiyi kumakhudza mwachindunji kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ndi chiyero cha chinthu chomaliza cha nsanja yolekanitsa mpweya. Nthawi zambiri, ma aluminiyamu opangira ma fin heat exchanger amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti apititse patsogolo kutentha.
4. Njira Yopatukana mu Distillation Tower
Mpweya woziziritsa umatumizidwa ku distillation nsanja kuti apatukane pogwiritsa ntchito kusiyana kwa mfundo zowira za zigawo zosiyanasiyana za mlengalenga. Mpweya pang'onopang'ono umasungunuka pa kutentha kochepa, kupanga mpweya wamadzimadzi. Mpweya wamadzimadziwu umalowa munsanja ya distillation kuti igwirizane ndi gasi ndi magawo amadzimadzi. Mu distillation nsanja, mpweya, nayitrogeni, ndi mpweya osowa monga argon amalekanitsidwa. Mpweya wa okosijeni umawonjezeka pang'onopang'ono pansi pa nsanja, pamene nayitrogeni imasiyanitsidwa pamwamba. Kupyolera mu distillation, mpweya weniweni ndi nayitrogeni zitha kupezeka ndi chiyero chapamwamba.
5. Kutulutsa Oxygen ndi Nayitrogeni Products
Kutulutsa mpweya ndi nayitrogeni ndiye gawo lomaliza la nsanja yolekanitsa mpweya. Mpweya wamadzi okosijeni ndi nayitrogeni zimasiyanitsidwa ndi nsanja ya distillation ndikutenthedwanso mpaka kutentha kwachipinda kudzera muzotenthetsera kuti zifikire mpweya womwe ukufunidwa. Mafutawa amatumizidwanso ku akasinja osungira kapena kuperekedwa mwachindunji kwa ogwiritsa ntchito. Pofuna kukonza magwiridwe antchito komanso kuyeretsa kwazinthu, mawonekedwe ansanja ziwiri nthawi zina amapangidwa kuti alekanitse argon ndi mpweya ndi nayitrogeni kuti agwiritse ntchito mafakitale.
6. Kuwongolera ndi Kukhathamiritsa
Njira yonse ya nsanja yolekanitsa mpweya imaphatikizapo dongosolo lolamulira lovuta, lofuna kuyang'anitsitsa nthawi yeniyeni ndi kusintha kwa kuponderezedwa, kuzizira, kusinthana kwa kutentha, ndi kulekanitsa njira kuti zitsimikizire ubwino wa zomaliza. Nyumba zamakono zolekanitsa mpweya nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi makina owongolera, pogwiritsa ntchito masensa ndi mapulogalamu owongolera kuti athe kuwongolera bwino magawo monga kutentha, kupanikizika, komanso kuyenda kuti akwaniritse bwino ntchito yopangira mphamvu yogwiritsira ntchito mphamvu komanso kuyera kwazinthu zamagesi.
Njira yoyendetsera nsanja yolekanitsa mpweya imaphatikizapo masitepe angapo monga kuponderezana kwa mpweya, kuziziritsa kale, kuyeretsa, kuzizira kwambiri, ndi distillation. Kupyolera m’njira zimenezi, mpweya, nayitrojeni, ndi mpweya wosowa wa mumpweya ukhoza kulekanitsidwa bwino lomwe. Kupititsa patsogolo luso lamakono la nsanja yolekanitsa mpweya wapangitsa kuti njira yolekanitsa ikhale yogwira ntchito komanso yochepetsera mphamvu, yomwe ili yofunika kwambiri pakugwiritsa ntchito mpweya wa mafakitale.
Pazofuna zilizonse za oxygen/nitrogen, chonde tithandizeni:
Anna Tel./Whatsapp/Wechat:+86-18758589723
Email :anna.chou@hznuzhuo.com
Nthawi yotumiza: Jul-07-2025