Wolemba: Lukas Bijikli, Product Portfolio Manager, Integrated Gear Drives, R&D CO2 Compression and Heat Pump, Siemens Energy.
Kwa zaka zambiri, Integrated Gear Compressor (IGC) yakhala teknoloji yosankha zomera zolekanitsa mpweya. Izi makamaka chifukwa cha mphamvu zawo zapamwamba, zomwe zimatsogolera mwachindunji kuchepetsa mtengo wa mpweya, nayitrogeni ndi mpweya wa inert. Komabe, kuyang'ana kwakukulu pa decarbonization kumayika zofunikira zatsopano pa IPCs, makamaka pankhani yogwira ntchito bwino komanso kusinthasintha kwamalamulo. Kugwiritsa ntchito ndalama zambiri kukupitilizabe kukhala chinthu chofunikira kwambiri kwa ogwira ntchito zamafakitale, makamaka m'mabizinesi ang'onoang'ono ndi apakatikati.
M'zaka zingapo zapitazi, Siemens Energy yayambitsa ntchito zingapo zofufuza ndi chitukuko (R&D) zomwe cholinga chake ndi kukulitsa luso la IGC kuti likwaniritse zosowa za msika wolekanitsa mpweya. Nkhaniyi ikuwonetsa zosintha zina zomwe tapanga ndikukambirana momwe zosinthazi zingathandizire kukwaniritsa mtengo wamakasitomala komanso zolinga zochepetsera mpweya.
Magawo ambiri olekanitsa mpweya masiku ano ali ndi ma compressor awiri: main air compressor (MAC) ndi boost air compressor (BAC). Mpweya waukulu wopondereza nthawi zambiri umakakamiza kutuluka kwa mpweya wonse kuchokera kumlengalenga kupita ku 6 bar. Gawo lina lakuyenda uku limakanikizidwanso mu BAC mpaka kukakamiza kwa bar 60.
Kutengera gwero lamphamvu, kompresa nthawi zambiri imayendetsedwa ndi turbine ya nthunzi kapena mota yamagetsi. Mukamagwiritsa ntchito makina opangira nthunzi, ma compressor onse amayendetsedwa ndi turbine yomweyo kudzera kumapeto kwa shaft. Muchiwembu chachikale, zida zapakatikati zimayikidwa pakati pa turbine ya nthunzi ndi HAC (mkuyu 1).
M'makina onse oyendetsedwa ndi magetsi komanso ma turbine, kugwiritsa ntchito bwino kwa compressor ndi njira yamphamvu yochepetsera kaboni chifukwa imakhudza mwachindunji kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu pagawo. Izi ndizofunikira makamaka kwa ma MGP oyendetsedwa ndi ma turbines a nthunzi, popeza kutentha kwakukulu kwa nthunzi kumapezeka muzopopera zopangira mafuta.
Ngakhale ma mota amagetsi amapereka njira yobiriwira kuposa ma turbine turbine drives, nthawi zambiri pamakhala kufunikira kwakukulu kowongolera kusinthasintha. Zomera zambiri zamakono zolekanitsa mpweya zomwe zikumangidwa masiku ano zimalumikizidwa ndi gridi ndipo zimakhala ndi mphamvu zowonjezera zowonjezera mphamvu. Ku Australia, mwachitsanzo, pali mapulani omanga mbewu zingapo zobiriwira za ammonia zomwe zidzagwiritse ntchito mayunitsi olekanitsa mpweya (ASUs) kuti apange nayitrogeni wa kaphatikizidwe ka ammonia ndipo akuyembekezeka kulandira magetsi kuchokera kumafamu apafupi ndi mphepo ndi dzuwa. Pazomera izi, kusinthasintha kwamalamulo ndikofunikira kuti athe kubwezera kusinthasintha kwachilengedwe pakupangira mphamvu.
Siemens Energy inapanga IGC yoyamba (yomwe poyamba inkadziwika kuti VK) mu 1948. Masiku ano kampaniyo imapanga mayunitsi oposa 2,300 padziko lonse lapansi, ambiri omwe amapangidwa kuti azigwiritsidwa ntchito ndi maulendo othamanga oposa 400,000 m3 / h. Ma MGP athu amakono ali ndi kuchuluka kwa ma kiyubiki mita 1.2 miliyoni pa ola m'nyumba imodzi. Izi zikuphatikiza mitundu yopanda giya ya ma compressor omwe ali ndi mphamvu zofikira mpaka 2.5 kapena kupitilira apo pamasinthidwe agawo limodzi ndi kukakamizidwa mpaka 6 m'mitundu yambiri.
M'zaka zaposachedwa, kuti tikwaniritse zofunikira za IGC, kusinthasintha kwa kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe kake, zomwe zafotokozedwa mwachidule pansipa.
Kusinthasintha kosinthika kwa zowongolera zingapo zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pagawo loyamba la MAC zimachulukitsidwa ndi kusiyanasiyana kwa geometry ya tsamba. Ndi choyambitsa chatsopanochi, mphamvu zosinthika zofikira 89% zitha kupezedwa mophatikizana ndi ma diffuser wamba a LS ndi opitilira 90% kuphatikiza m'badwo watsopano wama hybrid diffuser.
Kuphatikiza apo, chotsitsacho chili ndi nambala ya Mach yoposa 1.3, yomwe imapereka gawo loyamba ndi kachulukidwe kakang'ono kamphamvu komanso chiŵerengero cha psinjika. Izi zimachepetsanso mphamvu zomwe magiya amagawo atatu a MAC ayenera kufalitsa, kulola kugwiritsa ntchito magiya ang'onoang'ono ang'onoang'ono ndi ma gearbox oyendetsa molunjika pamagawo oyamba.
Poyerekeza ndi LS vane diffuser yanthawi zonse, m'badwo wotsatira wosakanizidwa umawonjezera mphamvu ya 2.5% ndikuwongolera 3%. Kuwonjezeka kumeneku kumatheka mwa kusakaniza masamba (ie masambawo amagawidwa m'magawo aatali ndi ang'onoang'ono). Mu kasinthidwe awa
Kutulutsa kwapakati pakati pa choyikapo ndi chophatikizira kumachepetsedwa ndi gawo la kutalika kwa tsamba lomwe lili pafupi ndi chowongolera kuposa masamba a LS diffuser wamba. Monga momwe zimakhalira ndi LS diffuser wamba, nsonga zotsogola zazitali zazitali ndizofanana ndi chopondera kuti tipewe kuyanjana kwa ma impeller-diffuser omwe angawononge masamba.
Kuonjezera pang'ono kutalika kwa masamba pafupi ndi choyikapo kumathandizanso kuti mayendedwe akuyenda pafupi ndi pulsation zone. Chifukwa chakutsogolo kwa gawo la vane utali wathunthu kumakhalabe m'mimba mwake momwemo ngati cholumikizira wamba cha LS, chingwe cha throttle sichimakhudzidwa, zomwe zimalola kugwiritsa ntchito ndikusintha kosiyanasiyana.
Jekeseni wamadzi umaphatikizapo kubaya madontho amadzi mumtsinje wa mpweya mu chubu choyamwa. Madonthowa amasanduka nthunzi ndi kuyamwa kutentha kuchokera mumtsinje wa gasi, potero amachepetsa kutentha kwa malo olowera kumalo oponderezedwa. Izi zimabweretsa kuchepa kwa mphamvu zamagetsi za isentropic komanso kuwonjezeka kwamphamvu kuposa 1%.
Kuumitsa shaft ya zida kumakupatsani mwayi wowonjezera kupsinjika kovomerezeka pagawo lililonse, zomwe zimakuthandizani kuti muchepetse m'lifupi mwake. Izi zimachepetsa kutayika kwamakina mu gearbox mpaka 25%, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chiwonjezeko chokwanira mpaka 0.5%. Kuphatikiza apo, mitengo yayikulu ya kompresa imatha kuchepetsedwa mpaka 1% chifukwa zitsulo zochepa zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mu gearbox yayikulu.
Chotsitsimutsa ichi chikhoza kugwira ntchito ndi coefficient yothamanga (φ) mpaka 0.25 ndipo imapereka 6% mutu wochuluka kuposa 65 degree impellers. Kuonjezera apo, kutulutsa kokwanira kumafika ku 0.25, ndipo pamapangidwe awiri a makina a IGC, kuthamanga kwa volumetric kumafika 1.2 miliyoni m3 / h kapena 2.4 miliyoni m3 / h.
Phindu la philo lapamwamba limalola kugwiritsa ntchito chopondera chaching'ono cham'mimba mwake pakuyenda kwa voliyumu yomweyo, potero kuchepetsa mtengo wa kompresa wamkulu mpaka 4%. The awiri a gawo loyamba impeller akhoza kuchepetsedwa kwambiri.
Mutu wapamwamba umatheka ndi 75 ° impeller deflection angle, yomwe imawonjezera gawo la liwiro lozungulira potuluka ndipo motero imapereka mutu wapamwamba molingana ndi equation ya Euler.
Poyerekeza ndi zopangira zothamanga kwambiri komanso zogwira mtima kwambiri, mphamvu ya impeller imachepetsedwa pang'ono chifukwa cha kutayika kwakukulu mu volute. Izi zitha kulipidwa pogwiritsa ntchito nkhono yapakatikati. Komabe, ngakhale popanda ma volutes awa, kusintha kosinthika mpaka 87% kumatha kukwaniritsidwa pa Mach nambala ya 1.0 ndi kutulutsa kokwanira kwa 0.24.
Volute yaying'ono imakulolani kuti mupewe kugundana ndi ma voluti ena pamene kukula kwa giya yayikulu kuchepetsedwa. Oyendetsa amatha kupulumutsa ndalama posintha kuchoka pa 6-pole motor kupita ku 4-pole motor yapamwamba kwambiri (1000 rpm mpaka 1500 rpm) osapitilira liwiro lovomerezeka la giya. Kuphatikiza apo, imatha kuchepetsa mtengo wazinthu zama helical ndi magiya akulu.
Ponseponse, kompresa yayikulu imatha kupulumutsa mpaka 2% pamitengo yayikulu, kuphatikiza injini imathanso kupulumutsa 2% pamitengo yayikulu. Chifukwa ma compact volutes ndi ocheperako, chisankho chowagwiritsa ntchito chimadalira kwambiri zomwe kasitomala amafuna (mtengo wake motsutsana ndi magwiridwe antchito) ndipo ziyenera kuwunikiridwa mogwirizana ndi projekiti.
Kuonjezera mphamvu zolamulira, IGV ikhoza kukhazikitsidwa kutsogolo kwa magawo angapo. Izi zikusiyana kwambiri ndi mapulojekiti am'mbuyomu a IGC, omwe adangophatikiza ma IGV mpaka gawo loyamba.
M'machitidwe oyambirira a IGC, vortex coefficient (ie, angle ya IGV yachiwiri yogawidwa ndi ngodya ya IGV1 yoyamba) inakhalabe yosasunthika mosasamala kanthu kuti kuyenda kunali kutsogolo (angle> 0 °, kuchepetsa mutu) kapena reverse vortex (angle <0). °, kuthamanga kumawonjezeka). Izi ndizosapindulitsa chifukwa chizindikiro cha ngodya chimasintha pakati pa ma vortices abwino ndi oyipa.
Kukonzekera kwatsopano kumapangitsa kuti mavoti awiri osiyana a vortex agwiritsidwe ntchito pamene makina ali kutsogolo ndi kumbuyo kwa vortex mode, motero amawonjezera kuwongolera ndi 4% ndikusunga nthawi zonse.
Pophatikizira cholumikizira cha LS cha chopondera chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mu BACs, magwiridwe antchito amagawo angapo atha kuwonjezeka mpaka 89%. Izi, kuphatikizidwa ndi kuwongolera kwina, kumachepetsa kuchuluka kwa magawo a BAC ndikusunga magwiridwe antchito apamtunda. Kuchepetsa chiwerengero cha magawo kumathetsa kufunika kwa intercooler, kugwirizana ndondomeko mpweya mapaipi, ndi rotor ndi stator zigawo zikuluzikulu, chifukwa mtengo ndalama 10%. Kuonjezera apo, nthawi zambiri ndizotheka kuphatikiza makina opangira mpweya ndi makina opangira mphamvu mu makina amodzi.
Monga tanenera kale, giya yapakatikati nthawi zambiri imafunika pakati pa turbine ya nthunzi ndi VAC. Ndi kapangidwe katsopano ka IGC kochokera ku Siemens Energy, zida zopanda ntchitozi zitha kuphatikizidwa mu bokosi la giya powonjezera shaft yosagwira ntchito pakati pa pinion shaft ndi giya yayikulu (giya 4). Izi zitha kuchepetsa mtengo wa mzere wonse (compressor yayikulu kuphatikiza zida zothandizira) mpaka 4%.
Kuphatikiza apo, magiya a 4-pinion ndi njira ina yabwino kwambiri yosinthira ma motor scroll scroll kuchoka pa 6-pole kupita ku 4-pole motors mu ma compressor akulu akulu a mpweya (ngati pali kuthekera kwa kugunda kwamphamvu kapena ngati liwiro lovomerezeka la pioni lichepetsedwa). ) kale.
Kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwawo kumakhalanso kofala kwambiri m'misika yambiri yofunikira ku decarbonization ya mafakitale, kuphatikizapo mapampu otentha ndi kuponderezedwa kwa nthunzi, komanso kuponderezedwa kwa CO2 muzojambula za carbon, kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi kusunga (CCUS).
Siemens Energy ili ndi mbiri yakale yokonza ndikugwiritsa ntchito ma IGC. Monga momwe tawonetsera pamwambapa (ndi zina) zoyeserera ndi chitukuko, tadzipereka kupitiliza kupanga makinawa kuti akwaniritse zosowa zapadera zogwiritsa ntchito ndikukwaniritsa zomwe msika ukukula pamitengo yotsika, kuchuluka kwachangu komanso kukhazikika. KT2
Nthawi yotumiza: Apr-28-2024