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Posachedwapa, mpweya wopangidwa m'zitini wakopa chidwi cha zinthu zina zomwe zikulonjeza kukonza thanzi ndi mphamvu, makamaka ku Colorado. Akatswiri a CU Anschutz akufotokoza zomwe opanga akunena.
Mkati mwa zaka zitatu, mpweya wopangidwa m'zitini unali wofanana ndi mpweya weniweni. Kuchuluka kwa anthu ofuna zinthu chifukwa cha mliri wa COVID-19, malonda a "Shark Tank" ndi zochitika kuchokera ku "The Simpsons" zapangitsa kuti chiwerengero cha zitini zazing'ono zopangidwa ndi aluminiyamu chiwonjezeke m'masitolo ogulitsa kuchokera ku ma pharmacy kupita ku malo ogulitsira mafuta chiwonjezeke.
Boost Oxygen ili ndi msika woposa 90% wa okosijeni m'mabotolo, ndipo malonda akuwonjezeka pang'onopang'ono atapambana chiwonetsero cha bizinesi cha "Shark Tank" mu 2019.
Ngakhale kuti zilembozo zimanena kuti zinthuzi sizinavomerezedwe ndi Food and Drug Administration ndipo ndi zongogwiritsidwa ntchito pongosangalala, malondawo akulonjeza thanzi labwino, kuchita bwino pamasewera komanso kuthandizira kuzolowera kutalika kwa mapiri, pakati pa zinthu zina.
Nkhaniyi ikufotokoza za momwe thanzi likupitira patsogolo pogwiritsa ntchito njira zasayansi za akatswiri a CU Anschutz.
Colorado, yokhala ndi malo ake akuluakulu osangalalira panja komanso malo osewerera okwera kwambiri, yakhala msika wofunikira kwambiri wa matanki onyamulika a okosijeni. Koma kodi adapereka izi?
“Kafukufuku wochepa chabe ndi amene wafufuza ubwino wowonjezera mpweya kwa kanthawi kochepa,” anatero Lindsay Forbes, MD, yemwe ndi membala wa Dipatimenti ya Mankhwala a M’mapapo ndi Odwala Odwala ku University of Colorado School of Medicine. “Tilibe deta yokwanira,” anatero Forbes, yemwe adzalowa nawo mu dipatimentiyi mu Julayi.
Izi zili choncho chifukwa mpweya woperekedwa ndi dokotala, womwe umayendetsedwa ndi FDA, umafunika m'malo azachipatala kwa nthawi yayitali. Pali chifukwa chake umaperekedwa motere.
“Mukapuma mpweya, umayenda kuchokera m’njira yopumira kupita m’magazi ndipo umatengedwa ndi hemoglobin,” anatero Ben Honigman, MD, pulofesa wopuma pantchito wa zamankhwala odzidzimutsa. Kenako hemoglobin imagawa mamolekyu a mpweya m’thupi lonse, njira yothandiza komanso yopitilira.
Malinga ndi Forbes, ngati anthu ali ndi mapapu abwino, matupi awo amatha kusunga mpweya wabwino m'magazi mwawo. "Palibe umboni wokwanira wosonyeza kuti kuwonjezera mpweya wambiri m'magazi mwawo kumathandiza thupi."
Malinga ndi Forbes, ogwira ntchito zachipatala akamapereka mpweya kwa odwala omwe ali ndi mpweya wochepa, nthawi zambiri zimatenga mphindi ziwiri kapena zitatu kuti mpweya uperekedwe mosalekeza kuti mpweya wa wodwalayo usinthe. "Chifukwa chake sindingayembekezere kuti mpweya umodzi kapena iwiri yokha kuchokera mu chidebecho ipereke mpweya wokwanira m'magazi omwe akuyenda m'mapapo kuti ukhale ndi zotsatira zabwino."
Opanga ambiri opanga mipiringidzo ya okosijeni ndi masilinda a okosijeni amawonjezera mafuta ofunikira onunkhira monga peppermint, lalanje kapena eucalyptus ku okosijeni. Akatswiri a matenda a m'mapapo nthawi zambiri amalimbikitsa kuti munthu asapume mafutawo, ponena kuti kutupa ndi ziwengo zingachitike. Kwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda ena a m'mapapo, monga mphumu kapena matenda osatha a m'mapapo, kuwonjezera mafuta kungayambitse kuphulika kapena zizindikiro.
Ngakhale kuti matanki a okosijeni nthawi zambiri sali oopsa kwa anthu athanzi (onani mbali ya m'mbali), Forbes ndi Honigman akulangiza kuti aliyense asawagwiritse ntchito kudzipatsa mankhwala pazifukwa zilizonse zachipatala. Amati kukwera kwa malonda panthawi ya mliriwu kukusonyeza kuti anthu ena akuwagwiritsa ntchito pochiza COVID-19, mtundu womwe ungakhale woopsa womwe ungachedwetse chisamaliro chofunikira chachipatala.
Chinthu china chofunika kuganizira, anatero Honigman, ndi chakuti mpweya umatha msanga. "Mukangouchotsa, umatha. Palibe chosungira kapena ndalama zosungira mpweya m'thupi."
Malinga ndi Honigman, mu kafukufuku wina momwe kuchuluka kwa okosijeni mwa anthu athanzi kunayesedwa pogwiritsa ntchito ma pulse oximeters, kuchuluka kwa okosijeni mwa anthuwa kunakhazikika pang'ono patatha mphindi zitatu pomwe anthuwa adapitiliza kulandira okosijeni, ndipo mpweya utasiya kupezeka, kuchuluka kwa okosijeni kumabwerera ku kuchuluka kowonjezera kwa mphindi pafupifupi zinayi.
Kotero osewera basketball akatswiri angapeze phindu popitiliza kupuma mpweya pakati pa masewera, Honigman adatero. Zimawonjezera mpweya pang'ono m'minofu yomwe ili ndi mpweya wochepa.
Koma oyenda pa ski omwe nthawi zonse amapopa mpweya kuchokera ku matanki, kapena kupita ku "malo osungira mpweya" (malo otchuka m'matauni a m'mapiri kapena m'mizinda yoipitsidwa kwambiri yomwe imapereka mpweya, nthawi zambiri kudzera mu cannula, kwa mphindi 10 mpaka 30 nthawi imodzi), sadzawongolera magwiridwe antchito awo pa mtunda wonse. Kuchita bwino pa malo otsetsereka a ski. , popeza mpweya umatha kalekale ndege isanayambe.
Forbes adabwerezanso kufunika kwa njira yoperekera chakudya, ponena kuti chidebe cha okosijeni sichibwera ndi chigoba chachipatala chomwe chimaphimba mphuno ndi pakamwa. Chifukwa chake, kunena kuti chidebecho ndi "95% oxygen yeniyeni" ndi bodza, adatero.
"Mu chipatala, timakhala ndi mpweya wa okosijeni wa digiri ya zachipatala ndipo timauyika m'magawo osiyanasiyana kuti tipatse anthu mpweya wosiyanasiyana kutengera momwe amaulandirira. "Mwachitsanzo, ndi cannula ya m'mphuno, wina akhoza kukhala kuti akulandira 95% ya mpweya wa okosijeni. Palibe."
Forbes akunena kuti mpweya wa m'chipinda, womwe uli ndi 21% ya mpweya, umasakanikirana ndi mpweya woperekedwa chifukwa mpweya wa m'chipinda womwe wodwalayo amapuma umatulukanso mozungulira mphuno, zomwe zimachepetsa kuchuluka kwa mpweya womwe umalandiridwa.
Zolemba zomwe zili pa matanki a okosijeni m'zitini zimanenanso kuti zimathandiza kuthetsa mavuto okhudzana ndi mtunda: patsamba lake lawebusayiti, Boost Oxygen imalemba Colorado ndi Rockies ngati malo osungira okosijeni m'zitini.
Honigman anati, “Thupi lanu silitenga mpweya bwino monga momwe limachitira panyanja.”
Kuchepa kwa mpweya m'mlengalenga kungayambitse matenda a m'mapiri, makamaka kwa alendo ku Colorado. "Pafupifupi 20 mpaka 25 peresenti ya anthu oyenda kuchokera pamwamba pa nyanja kupita pamwamba amadwala matenda a m'mapiri (AMS)," anatero Honigmann. Asanapume pantchito, adagwira ntchito ku Center for High Altitude Research ku University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, komwe akupitilizabe kuchita kafukufuku.
Botolo la Boost Oxygen la malita 5 limadula pafupifupi $10 ndipo lingapereke mpweya wokwanira 95% wa oxygen wokha mpaka 100 mu sekondi imodzi.
Ngakhale anthu okhala ku Denver ali ndi vuto losatha, pafupifupi 8 mpaka 10 peresenti ya anthu amadwalanso matenda a AMS akamapita ku mizinda yapamwamba yopumulirako, iye anatero. Zizindikiro zomwe zimayambitsidwa ndi mpweya wochepa m'magazi (kupweteka mutu, nseru, kutopa, vuto la kugona) nthawi zambiri zimawonekera mkati mwa maola 12 mpaka 24 ndipo zingapangitse anthu kufunafuna thandizo pa malo oyeretsera mpweya, anatero Honigman.
"Zimathandizadi kuchepetsa zizindikiro zimenezi. Mumamva bwino mukamapuma mpweya, ndipo kwa kanthawi kochepa pambuyo pake," anatero Honigman. "Chifukwa chake ngati muli ndi zizindikiro zochepa ndipo mukuyamba kumva bwino, mwina zingayambitse kumva bwino."
Koma kwa anthu ambiri, zizindikiro zimabwereranso, zomwe zimapangitsa ena kubwerera ku mpweya woipa kuti akapeze mpumulo wowonjezereka, anatero Honigman. Popeza anthu opitilira 90% amazolowera malo okwera kwambiri mkati mwa maola 24-48, izi zitha kukhala zopanda phindu. Asayansi ena amakhulupirira kuti mpweya wowonjezera umangochedwetsa kusintha kwachilengedwe kumeneku, adatero.
"Lingaliro langa ndilakuti ndi zotsatira za placebo, zomwe sizikugwirizana ndi kagwiridwe ka thupi," akuvomereza Honigman.
"Kupeza mpweya wowonjezera kumamveka bwino komanso mwachilengedwe, koma sindikuganiza kuti sayansi imatsimikizira zimenezo," adatero. "Pali umboni weniweni wakuti ngati mukuganiza kuti chinachake chingakuthandizeni, chingakupangitseni kumva bwino."
Yovomerezedwa ndi Commission on Higher Education. Zizindikiro zonse za malonda ndi katundu wolembetsedwa wa yunivesite. Imagwiritsidwa ntchito pokhapokha ngati pali chilolezo.