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Chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa zinthu zomwe zimaperekedwa ndi okosijeni wamankhwala kuti zithandizire odwala a Covid-19 mdziko muno, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay (IIT-B) idakhazikitsa malo owonetsera kuti asinthe majenereta a nayitrogeni omwe ali ku India konse pokonza bwino chomera chomwe chilipo cha nayitrogeni chomwe chidakhazikitsidwa ngati jenereta wa okosijeni.
Oxygen yopangidwa ndi chomera mu labotale ya IIT-B idayesedwa ndipo idapezeka kuti ndi 93-96% yoyera pakukakamiza kwa 3.5 atmospheres.
Majenereta a nayitrojeni, omwe amatenga mpweya kuchokera mumlengalenga ndikulekanitsa mpweya ndi nayitrogeni kuti apange nayitrogeni wamadzimadzi, amapezeka m'mafakitale osiyanasiyana kuphatikiza mafuta ndi gasi, chakudya ndi zakumwa. Nayitrojeni ndi wouma ndipo nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito kutsuka ndi kuyeretsa matanki amafuta ndi gasi.
Pulofesa Milind Etri, Wapampando wa Mechanical Engineering, IIT-B, limodzi ndi Tata Consulting Engineers Limited (TCE) adapereka umboni wamalingaliro osinthika mwachangu chomera cha nayitrogeni kukhala chomera cha oxygen.
Chomera cha nayitrojeni chimagwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wa pressure swing adsorption (PSA) kuyamwa mpweya wa mumlengalenga, kusefa zonyansa, ndikubwezeretsanso nitrogen. Oxygen imatulutsidwanso m'mlengalenga ngati chinthu china. Chomera cha nayitrojeni chimakhala ndi zigawo zinayi: kompresa yowongolera kuthamanga kwa mpweya, chidebe cha mpweya chosefera zinyalala, gawo lamagetsi lolekanitsa, ndi chidebe chotchinga pomwe nayitrojeni wolekanitsidwa adzaperekedwa ndikusungidwa.
Magulu a Atrey ndi TCE adaganiza zosintha zosefera zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito potulutsa nayitrogeni mu gawo la PSA ndi zosefera zomwe zimatha kutulutsa mpweya.
"Mu chomera cha nayitrogeni, kuthamanga kwa mpweya kumayendetsedwa ndikuyeretsedwa ku zonyansa monga mpweya wa madzi, mafuta, carbon dioxide ndi hydrocarbons." Pambuyo pake, mpweya woyeretsedwa umalowa m'chipinda cha PSA chokhala ndi mpweya wa carbon molecular sieves kapena zosefera zomwe zingathe kulekanitsa nayitrogeni ndi mpweya.
Gululi lidasintha masife a carbon molecular mu chomera cha PSA nitrogen cha Institute's Refrigeration and Cryogenics Laboratory ndi sieve za zeolite molekyulu. Zeolite molecular sieves amagwiritsidwa ntchito kulekanitsa mpweya ndi mpweya. Poyang'anira kuchuluka kwa kayendedwe ka sitimayo, ochita kafukufuku adatha kusintha chomera cha nayitrogeni kukhala chopangira mpweya. Spantech Engineers, wopanga zomera za nayitrogeni ndi mpweya wa PSA mumzindawu, adagwira nawo ntchito yoyesa iyi ndikuyika zida zomangira zomwe zimafunikira mu block form ku IIT-B kuti ziwunikenso.
Ntchito yoyesererayi ikufuna kupeza njira zofulumira komanso zosavuta zothetsera vuto la kusowa kwa okosijeni m'malo azachipatala m'dziko lonselo.
Amit Sharma, Managing Director wa TCE, adati: "Ntchito yoyesayi ikuwonetsa momwe njira yatsopano yopangira mpweya wa okosijeni pogwiritsa ntchito zida zomwe zilipo zingathandize dziko kuthana ndi vuto lomwe lilipo."
"Zinatitengera pafupifupi masiku atatu kuti tikonzenso. Iyi ndi njira yosavuta yomwe imatha kumalizidwa mwamsanga m'masiku angapo. Zomera za nayitrogeni m'dziko lonselo zingagwiritse ntchito lusoli kuti zisinthe zomera zawo kukhala zomera za okosijeni, "adatero Etry.
Kafukufuku woyendetsa ndegeyo, yemwe adalengezedwa Lachinayi m'mawa, wakopa chidwi cha ndale ambiri. "Talandira chidwi kuchokera kwa akuluakulu aboma ambiri osati ku Maharashtra kokha komanso m'dziko lonselo momwe izi zingakulitsire ndikugwiritsiridwa ntchito muzomera za nayitrogeni zomwe zilipo kale." Atrey anawonjezera.