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Ukadaulo wolekanitsa mpweya wa Cryogenic ndi imodzi mwa njira zofunika kwambiri zopangira nayitrogeni komanso mpweya wabwino kwambiri m'makampani amakono. Ukadaulo uwu umagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mafakitale osiyanasiyana monga zitsulo, uinjiniya wamankhwala, ndi zamankhwala. Nkhaniyi ifufuza mozama momwe kupatukana kwa mpweya wa cryogenic kumatulutsa chiyero cha nayitrogeni ndi mpweya wabwino, komanso masitepe ofunikira ndi zida zomwe zikukhudzidwa.

1. Mfundo yofunikira ya kupatukana kwa mpweya wa cryogenic

Kupatukana kwa mpweya wa Cryogenic ndi njira yomwe imalekanitsa zigawo zikuluzikulu za mpweya mwa kuchepetsa kutentha. Mpweya makamaka umakhala ndi nayitrogeni, mpweya, ndi argon pang'ono. Poumitsa ndi kuziziritsa mpweya kuti ukhale wotentha kwambiri, mpweya umasungunuka, ndiyeno malo otentha a gasi uliwonse amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti asungunuke kuti alekanitse nitrogen ndi oxygen. Malo otentha a nayitrogeni ndi -195.8 ℃, ndipo oxygen ndi -183 ℃, kotero amatha kuyeretsedwa padera kudzera mu distillation.

2. Gawo loyamba la chithandizo: Kuyeretsa mpweya

Munjira yolekanitsa mpweya wa cryogenic, chithandizo chamankhwala chisanachitike ndi gawo loyamba lofunikira. Mpweya uli ndi zonyansa monga fumbi, mpweya woipa, ndi chinyezi, zomwe zimaundana m'malo otentha kwambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zida zitseke. Choncho, mpweya umayamba kusefedwa, kuumitsidwa, ndi kuumitsa masitepe kuti achotse zonyansa ndi chinyezi. Kawirikawiri, zowumitsira ndi ma molecular sieve adsorbers ndi zida zofunika zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pochotsa zonyansa kuchokera mumlengalenga, kuonetsetsa kuti kukhazikika ndi kukhazikika kwa ndondomeko yolekanitsa ya cryogenic.

3. Kuponderezana kwa mpweya ndi kuziziritsa

Mpweya woyeretsedwa uyenera kupanikizidwa, nthawi zambiri kudzera m'ma compressor angapo kuti uwonjezere kuthamanga kwa mpweya mpaka 5-6 megapascals. Mpweya woponderezedwa umakhazikika kupyolera muzitsulo zotentha ndi mpweya wobwerera pa kutentha kochepa, pang'onopang'ono kuchepetsa kutentha kuyandikira malo a liquefaction. Pochita izi, zotenthetsera kutentha zimagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri, chifukwa zimatha kuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ndikuwongolera kuzizira bwino, kuwonetsetsa kuti mpweya ukhoza kusungunuka pansi pa kutentha kochepa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale kusiyana kwa distillation.

4. Air liquefaction ndi distillation

Mu nsanja yolekanitsa ya cryogenic, mpweya woponderezedwa ndi woziziritsidwa umakhazikikanso kuti ukhale wamadzimadzi. Mpweya wa liquefied umatumizidwa ku distillation tower kuti upatuke. Nsanja ya distillation imagawidwa m'magawo awiri: nsanja yothamanga kwambiri komanso nsanja yotsika kwambiri. M'nsanja yothamanga kwambiri, mpweya umagawidwa kukhala mpweya wa oxygen ndi nayitrogeni wosakhwima, ndiyeno mpweya wosakanizidwa ndi nayitrogeni wosakanizidwa umasungunukanso mu nsanja yotsika kwambiri kuti mupeze mpweya wabwino kwambiri ndi nayitrogeni. Kulekanitsa kwa nayitrogeni ndi okosijeni makamaka kumagwiritsa ntchito mawonekedwe awo osiyanasiyana a malo otentha, kotero kulekanitsa koyenera kumatha kupezeka mu nsanja ya distillation.

5. Njira yoyeretsera

Mpweya wa okosijeni ndi nayitrogeni wolekanitsidwa mu nsanja ya distillation akadali ndi zonyansa pang'ono, motero amayenera kuyeretsedwanso kuti akwaniritse miyezo yamakampani ndi zamankhwala. Kuyera kwa nayitrogeni kumatha kupitsidwanso kudzera muzothandizira za hydrogen deoxygenation, pomwe chiyero cha okosijeni chikhoza kutheka kudzera mu njira zopangiranso distillation. Pofuna kukonza chiyero cha gasi wazinthuzo, zida monga zoyezera nayitrogeni ndi zoyezera mpweya nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito, ndipo pamapeto pake zimapeza zinthu zoyera kwambiri za okosijeni ndi nayitrogeni.

6. Kugwiritsa ntchito nayitrogeni ndi mpweya

Nayitrogeni yoyera kwambiri komanso okosijeni opangidwa ndiukadaulo wolekanitsa mpweya wa cryogenic amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mafakitale angapo. Nayitrogeni yoyera kwambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito m'makampani opanga mankhwala monga gasi woteteza ndi mpweya wonyamulira, m'makampani azakudya kuti asungidwe ndikuyika, ndipo mpweya umagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mafakitale azachipatala ndi kuwotcherera. M'makampani opangira zitsulo, mpweya umagwiritsidwanso ntchito kupititsa patsogolo kuyaka bwino komanso kuchepetsa mpweya wa carbon. Muzochita izi, chiyero cha gasi ndiye chinsinsi chodziwikiratu momwe angagwiritsire ntchito, ndipo ukadaulo wolekanitsa mpweya wa cryogenic wadziwika kwambiri chifukwa cholekanitsa bwino komanso kuyeretsa kwakukulu.

7. Ubwino ndi zovuta zaukadaulo wolekanitsa mpweya wa cryogenic

Ukadaulo wolekanitsa mpweya wa Cryogenic umakondedwa m'mafakitale chifukwa cha chiyero chake komanso kuchita bwino kwambiri. Komabe, ukadaulo uwu umakumananso ndi zovuta zina, monga kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zambiri komanso mtengo wokwera wokonza zida. Kuti muchepetse kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu, zida zamakono zolekanitsa mpweya wa cryogenic nthawi zambiri zimabwera ndi njira zapamwamba zopulumutsira mphamvu, monga zida zowongolera kutentha komanso njira zoziziritsira masitepe ambiri. Kuphatikiza apo, kugwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wowongolera makina kwathandizira kwambiri magwiridwe antchito komanso chitetezo chamagulu olekanitsa mpweya wa cryogenic. Kupyolera mu kukhathamiritsa kwaumisiri ndi kukonza zida, mphamvu zogwiritsira ntchito mphamvu ndi kukhazikika kwa machitidwe olekanitsa mpweya wa cryogenic akhala akukonzedwa mosalekeza, kupititsa patsogolo ntchito zawo m'mafakitale osiyanasiyana.

Kulekanitsa kwakuya kwa mpweya wa cryogenic ndi imodzi mwa njira zothandiza kwambiri zopangira nayitrogeni ndi mpweya wabwino kwambiri. Amalekanitsa bwino ndikuyeretsa mpweya ndi nayitrogeni kuchokera kumlengalenga kudzera munjira zingapo monga kuchiritsa mpweya, kuponderezana, kuziziritsa, kukhetsa madzi, ndi distillation. Ngakhale njira yolekanitsa yakuya ya cryogenic imakhala ndi mphamvu zambiri komanso zida zovuta, kulekanitsa kwake kothandiza komanso kutulutsa koyera kwambiri kumapangitsa ukadaulo uwu kukhala wofunikira m'mafakitale angapo.

Anna Tel./Whatsapp/Wechat:+86-18758589723

Email :anna.chou@hznuzhuo.com