Makampani opanga mowa amagwiritsa ntchito CO2 m'machulukidwe odabwitsa opangira mowa, kulongedza ndi kutumikira: kusuntha mowa kapena mankhwala kuchokera ku thanki kupita ku thanki, kutulutsa mpweya wa chinthu, kuyeretsa mpweya musanapakike, kulongedza mowa, kusungunula matanki a brit mutatsuka. ndi kuyeretsa, kuthira mowa wothira m'mabotolo mu lesitilanti kapena bar.Izi ndi zoyambira chabe.
"Timagwiritsa ntchito CO2 panthawi yonse yopangira mowa ndi bar," akutero Max McKenna, mtsogoleri wamkulu wa malonda ku Boston-based Dorchester Brewing Co. Kutumikira mowa - pa gawo lililonse la ndondomekoyi.”
Mofanana ndi mafakitale ambiri opangira mowa, Dorchester Brewing akukumana ndi kusowa kwa CO2 yamalonda yomwe ikufunika kuti igwire ntchito (werengani za zifukwa zonse za kusowa uku).
"Chifukwa cha mapangano athu, ogulitsa CO2 omwe alipo panopa sanakweze mitengo yawo ngakhale kuti mitengo yawonjezeka m'madera ena a msika," adatero McKenna."Pakadali pano, zotsatira zake zakhala makamaka pakugawa kochepa."
Kubwezera kusowa kwa CO2, Dorchester Brewing amagwiritsa ntchito nayitrogeni m'malo mwa CO2 nthawi zina.
"Tinatha kusuntha ntchito zambiri ku nitrogen," McKenna anapitiriza.“Zina zofunika kwambiri zinali kuyeretsa zitini ndi kuphimba gasi panthawi yoika m’zitini ndi kusindikiza.Izi ndiye zowonjezera kwambiri kwa ife chifukwa njirazi zimafuna CO2 yambiri.Kwa nthawi yayitali tinali ndi chomera chapadera cha nitro.Timagwiritsa ntchito jenereta yapadera ya nayitrogeni kuti tipange nayitrogeni yonse pa bala - pamzere wodzipatulira wa nitro ndi kusakaniza kwathu moŵa."
N2 ndiye gasi wotsika mtengo kwambiri wopanga ndipo angagwiritsidwe ntchito m'zipinda zapansi zopangira moŵa, masitolo ogulitsa mabotolo ndi mipiringidzo.N2 ndiyotsika mtengo kuposa CO2 ya zakumwa ndipo nthawi zambiri imapezeka, kutengera kupezeka kwanuko.
N2 ikhoza kugulidwa ngati gasi mumasilinda othamanga kwambiri kapena ngati madzi mu Dewars kapena matanki akulu osungira.Nayitrojeni imatha kupangidwanso pamalowo pogwiritsa ntchito jenereta wa nayitrogeni.Majenereta a nayitrojeni amagwira ntchito pochotsa mamolekyu a okosijeni mumlengalenga.
Nayitrogeni ndiye chinthu chochuluka kwambiri (78%) mumlengalenga wapadziko lapansi, chotsalacho ndi mpweya komanso mpweya wotsatira.Zimapangitsanso kukhala okonda zachilengedwe pamene mumatulutsa CO2 yochepa.
Popanga moŵa ndi kulongedza, N2 itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuti mpweya usatuluke mumowa.Akagwiritsidwa ntchito moyenera (anthu ambiri amasakaniza CO2 ndi N2 pamene akugwira ntchito ndi mowa wa carbonated) N2 ikhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuyeretsa matanki, kusamutsa mowa kuchokera ku thanki kupita ku thanki, kukakamiza kegs musanasungidwe, pamene mukuyenda pansi pa zipewa.pophika kukoma ndi mouthfeel.M'mabala, nitro amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mizere yamadzi apampopi ya nitropiv komanso kuthamanga kwambiri / kuyika kwamtunda wautali komwe nayitrogeni amasakanizidwa ndi gawo lina la CO2 kuletsa mowa kuti usatuluke thovu pampopi.N2 itha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito ngati chithupsa chochotsa gasi pochotsa madzi ngati ili ndi gawo lanu.
Tsopano, monga tanenera m'nkhani yathu yapitayi yokhudzana ndi kuchepa kwa CO2, nayitrogeni siwolowa m'malo mwa CO2 m'malo onse opangira moŵa.Mipweya imeneyi imachita zinthu mosiyana.Amakhala ndi masikelo osiyanasiyana a mamolekyu ndi makulidwe osiyanasiyana.
Mwachitsanzo, CO2 imasungunuka kwambiri muzamadzimadzi kuposa N2.Ichi ndichifukwa chake nayitrogeni imapereka thovu ting'onoting'ono komanso kumveka kwapakamwa kosiyana mumowa.Ichi ndichifukwa chake opanga moŵa amagwiritsira ntchito madontho a nayitrogeni amadzimadzi m'malo mwa mpweya wa nayitrogeni ku moŵa wa nitrate.Mpweya woipa wa carbon dioxide umawonjezeranso kukuwawa kapena kuwawa kumene nitrogen alibe, zomwe zingasinthe kakomedwe kake, anthu amati.Kusintha kwa nayitrogeni sikungathetse mavuto onse a carbon dioxide.
“Pali kuthekera,” akutero Chuck Skepek, mkulu wa mapulogalamu aukadaulo opangira moŵa pa Brewers Institute, “koma nayitrojeni si mankhwala kapena njira yofulumira.CO2 ndi nayitrogeni amachita mosiyana kwambiri.Mudzapeza nayitrogeni wochuluka wosakanikirana ndi mpweya mu thanki kuposa mutatsuka CO2.Choncho adzafunika nayitrogeni wambiri.Ndimamva izi mobwerezabwereza.
“Wophika moŵa wina amene ndimamudziŵa kuti anali wanzeru kwambiri ndipo anayamba kusintha mpweya wa carbon dioxide n’kuikamo nayitrojeni, ndipo moŵa wawo unali ndi okosijeni wochuluka, choncho tsopano amagwiritsira ntchito kusakaniza kwa nitrogen ndi carbon dioxide, ndi mwayi wowonjezereka.osati, “Hei, tiyamba kugwiritsa ntchito nayitrogeni kuthetsa mavuto athu onse.Ndizosangalatsa kuwona zambiri za izi m'mabuku, tikuyamba kuwona anthu ambiri akuchita kafukufuku, ndipo, mukudziwa, kuti abwere ndi njira zabwino zosinthira izi.
Kutumiza kwa mpweya umenewu kudzakhala kosiyana chifukwa ali ndi kachulukidwe kosiyana komwe kungapangitse kusintha kwa uinjiniya kapena kusungirako.Mverani Jason Perkins, woweta moŵa wamkulu ku Allagash Brewing Co., akukambirana za kukweza mzere wake wobotolo ndi gasi wambiri kuti agwiritse ntchito CO2 podzaza mbale ndi N2 ya sealant ndi kuphulika.Kusungirako kungasiyane.
"Pali zosiyana, makamaka chifukwa cha momwe timapezera nayitrogeni," adatero McKenna."Timapeza nayitrogeni wamadzimadzi mu dewars, kotero kuti kusunga ndikosiyana kwambiri ndi matanki athu a CO2: ndi ang'onoang'ono, pama roller ndikusungidwa mufiriji.Tazitengera ku mlingo wina.carbon dioxide kupita ku nayitrogeni, koma kachiwiri, timasamala kwambiri momwe tingapangire kusinthako moyenera komanso moyenera kuonetsetsa kuti mowa uli pamlingo wapamwamba kwambiri panjira iliyonse.key, nthawi zina inali pulagi yosavuta komanso kusewera m'malo, pomwe nthawi zina imafunikira kusintha kwakukulu pazida, zomangamanga, kupanga, ndi zina. "
Malinga ndi nkhani yabwino kwambiri imeneyi yochokera ku The Titus Co. (opereka makina opondereza mpweya, zowumitsira mpweya, ndi ntchito za kompresa ya mpweya kunja kwa Pennsylvania), majenereta a nayitrogeni amagwira ntchito imodzi mwa njira ziwiri:
Pressure swing adsorption: Pressure swing adsorption (PSA) imagwira ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito ma sieve a carbon molecular kuti alekanitse mamolekyu.Sieve ili ndi ma pores ofanana ndi mamolekyu a okosijeni, kutsekereza mamolekyuwa akamadutsa ndikulola mamolekyu akuluakulu a nayitrogeni kudutsa.Kenako jeneretayo imatulutsa mpweya kudzera m’chipinda china.Zotsatira za njirayi ndikuti chiyero cha nayitrogeni chimatha kufika 99.999%.
Kupanga kwa membrane wa nayitrogeni.Kupanga nayitrogeni wa ma membrane amagwira ntchito polekanitsa mamolekyulu pogwiritsa ntchito ulusi wa polima.Ulusiwu ndi wobowoka, wokhala ndi timabowo tating'ono kuti mpweya udutse, koma ndi ochepa kwambiri kuti mamolekyu a nayitrogeni achotse mpweya kuchokera mumtsinje wa gasi.Majenereta omwe amagwiritsa ntchito njirayi amatha kupanga nayitrogeni mpaka 99.5% yoyera.
Eya, jenereta ya nayitrogeni ya PSA imapanga nayitrogeni wochuluka kwambiri m’mavoliyumu aakulu ndi pamlingo wothamanga kwambiri, mtundu woyera koposa wa nayitrogeni umene mafakitale ambiri amafunikira.Ultrapure amatanthauza 99.9995% mpaka 99%.Majenereta a nayitrogeni a ma membrane ndi abwino kwa ogulitsa ang'onoang'ono omwe amafunikira voliyumu yotsika, njira yotsika yotsika pomwe 99% mpaka 99.9% yoyera ndiyovomerezeka.
Pogwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo waposachedwa, jenereta ya nayitrogeni ya Atlas Copco ndi kompresa yamagetsi yamakampani yokhala ndi diaphragm yapadera yomwe imalekanitsa nayitrogeni kuchokera kumtsinje wa mpweya wopanikizidwa.Makampani opanga moŵa ndi anthu ambiri omwe akufuna kutsata Atlas Copo.Malinga ndi pepala loyera la Atlas Copco, opanga moŵa amalipira pakati pa $0.10 ndi $0.15 pa kiyubiki iliyonse kuti apange nayitrogeni pamalopo.Kodi izi zikufanana bwanji ndi mtengo wa CO2 wanu?
"Timapereka mapaketi asanu ndi limodzi omwe amaphimba 80% ya zopangira moŵa - kuchokera ku migolo zikwi zingapo mpaka mazana masauzande a migolo pachaka," akutero Peter Askini, woyang'anira chitukuko cha bizinesi pamagesi amakampani ku Atlas Copco."Mowa ukhoza kuwonjezera mphamvu ya majenereta ake a nayitrogeni kuti akule bwino ndikusunga bwino.Kuphatikiza apo, kapangidwe kake kamalola kuti jenereta yachiwiri ionjezedwe ngati ntchito za kampaniyo zikukula kwambiri. ”
"Kugwiritsa ntchito nayitrogeni sikunapangidwe kuti m'malo mwa CO2," akufotokoza Asquini, "koma tikuganiza kuti opanga vinyo amatha kuchepetsa kumwa kwawo ndi pafupifupi 70%.Mphamvu yayikulu yoyendetsa ndikukhazikika.Ndizosavuta kuti wopanga vinyo aliyense azitulutsa nayitrogeni pawokha.Osagwiritsa ntchito mpweya wowonjezera kutentha.”zomwe zili bwino kwa chilengedwe Idzalipira kuyambira mwezi woyamba, zomwe zidzakhudza mwachindunji pansi, ngati sizikuwonekera musanagule, musagule.Nawa malamulo athu ophweka.Kufuna kwa CO2 ikuchulukirachulukira kuti ipange zinthu zotere, monga ayezi wouma, omwe amagwiritsa ntchito CO2 wochuluka ndipo amafunikira kunyamula katemera.Mabungwe a Breweries ku US akuwonetsa kukhudzidwa ndi kuchuluka kwa zinthu zomwe zimaperekedwa ndipo akuganiza ngati angasunge kuti mitengo igwirizane ndi zosowa za kampaniyo. "
Monga tanena kale, kuyeretsedwa kwa nayitrogeni kudzakhala vuto lalikulu kwa opanga moŵa.Monga CO2, nayitrogeni imalumikizana ndi mowa kapena wort ndikunyamula zonyansa.Ichi ndichifukwa chake majenereta ambiri a nayitrogeni azakudya ndi zakumwa azitsatsa ngati magawo opanda mafuta (phunzirani zaukhondo wama compressor opanda mafuta m'chiganizo chomaliza cham'mbali pansipa).
"Tikalandira CO2, timayang'ana ubwino wake ndi kuipitsidwa kwake, yomwe ndi mbali ina yofunika kwambiri yogwira ntchito ndi wothandizira wabwino," adatero McKenna."Nayitrojeni ndi wosiyana pang'ono, ndichifukwa chake timagulabe nayitrogeni wamadzimadzi.Chinanso chomwe tikuyang'ana ndikupeza ndikuyika mitengo ya jenereta ya nayitrogeni yamkati - kachiwiri, ndikuyang'ana pa nayitrogeni yomwe imapanga ndi Purity kuti achepetse kutenga mpweya.Timawona izi ngati ndalama zomwe zingatheke, kotero njira zokhazokha zopangira mowa zomwe zimadalira CO2 zidzakhala mowa carbonation ndi kukonza madzi apampopi.
"Koma chinthu chimodzi chofunikira kwambiri kukumbukira - kachiwiri, chinthu chomwe chikuwoneka kuti sichinganyalanyaze koma chofunika kwambiri kuti mowa ukhale wabwino - ndi chakuti jenereta iliyonse ya nayitrogeni iyenera kutulutsa nayitrogeni kumalo achiwiri a decimal [ie 99.99% chiyero] kuti achepetse mpweya. kutengeka ndi chiopsezo cha okosijeni.Kulondola ndi kuyera kumeneku kumafuna ndalama zambiri za jenereta ya nayitrogeni, koma zimatsimikizira mtundu wa nayitrogeni motero kuti moŵawo ukhale wabwino.”
Ofutsa moŵa amafunikira deta yambiri ndi kuwongolera khalidwe pogwiritsa ntchito nayitrogeni.Mwachitsanzo, ngati wothira moŵa akugwiritsa ntchito N2 kusuntha mowa pakati pa akasinja, kukhazikika kwa CO2 mu thanki ndi mu thanki kapena botolo kuyenera kuyang'aniridwa nthawi yonseyi.Nthawi zina, N2 yoyera ikhoza kusagwira ntchito bwino (mwachitsanzo, podzaza zotengera) chifukwa N2 yoyera imachotsa CO2 mu yankho.Zotsatira zake, opanga moŵa ena adzagwiritsa ntchito 50/50 osakaniza a CO2 ndi N2 kuti adzaze mbaleyo, pamene ena adzazipewa kwathunthu.
Langizo la N2 Pro: Tiyeni tikambirane zokonza.Majenereta a nayitrogeni ali pafupi kwambiri kuti "ayike ndikuyiwala" momwe mungathere, koma zinthu zina, monga zosefera, zimafunikira kusinthidwa kwanthawi zonse.Nthawi zambiri, ntchitoyi imafunika pafupifupi maola 4000 aliwonse.Gulu lomwelo lomwe limasamalira mpweya wanu wa compressor lidzasamaliranso jenereta yanu.Majenereta ambiri amabwera ndi chowongolera chosavuta chofanana ndi iPhone yanu ndikupereka mphamvu zonse zowunikira pulogalamu yakutali.
Kuyeretsa matanki kumasiyana ndi kuyeretsa kwa nayitrogeni pazifukwa zingapo.N2 imasakanikirana bwino ndi mpweya, kotero simalumikizana ndi O2 monga CO2 imachitira.N2 ndiyopepukanso kuposa mpweya, motero imadzaza tanki kuchokera pamwamba mpaka pansi, pomwe CO2 imadzaza kuchokera pansi kupita pamwamba.Pamafunika N2 yochuluka kuposa CO2 kuti mutsuke thanki yosungiramo ndipo nthawi zambiri pamafunika kuwomba kwambiri.Kodi mukusungabe ndalama?
Nkhani zatsopano zachitetezo zimabukanso ndi gasi watsopano wamakampani.Malo opangira moŵa ayenera kukhazikitsa masensa a O2 kuti ogwira ntchito athe kuwona momwe mpweya wamkati ulili - monga momwe mulili ndi ma N2 dewars omwe amasungidwa m'firiji masiku ano.
Koma phindu limatha kupitilira mbewu zochira za CO2 mosavuta.Mu webinar iyi, Dion Quinn wa Foth Production Solutions (kampani ya uinjiniya) akunena kuti kupanga N2 kumawononga pakati pa $ 8 ndi $ 20 pa tani, pamene kulanda CO2 ndi chomera chobwezeretsa ndalama pakati pa $ 50 ndi $ 200 pa tani.
Ubwino wa majenereta a nayitrogeni umaphatikizapo kuthetsa kapena kuchepetsa kudalira mapangano ndi zinthu za CO2 ndi nayitrogeni.Izi zimapulumutsa malo osungiramo zinthu monga momwe opangira mowa amatha kupanga ndi kusunga momwe amafunira, kuthetsa kufunika kosunga ndi kunyamula mabotolo a nayitrogeni.Monga CO2, kutumiza ndi kusamalira nayitrogeni kumalipidwa ndi kasitomala.Ndi nitrogenerator, izi sizilinso vuto.
Majenereta a nayitrogeni nthawi zambiri amakhala osavuta kuphatikiza kumalo opangira moŵa.Majenereta ang'onoang'ono a nayitrogeni amatha kumangidwa pakhoma kuti asatenge malo apansi ndikugwira ntchito mwakachetechete.Matumbawa amatha kusintha kutentha bwino ndipo amalimbana ndi kusinthasintha kwa kutentha.Ikhoza kuikidwa panja, koma osavomerezeka kumadera okwera kwambiri komanso otsika kwambiri.
Pali opanga ambiri opanga majenereta a nayitrogeni kuphatikiza Atlas Copco, Parker Hannifin, South-Tek Systems, Milcarb ndi Holtec Gas Systems.Jenereta yaying'ono ya nayitrogeni ikhoza kuwononga ndalama zokwana $800 pamwezi pansi pa pulogalamu yobwereketsa yazaka zisanu, Asquini adatero.
"Kumapeto kwa tsiku, ngati nayitrogeni ili yoyenera kwa inu, muli ndi ogulitsa osiyanasiyana ndi matekinoloje omwe mungasankhe," adatero Asquini."Pezani yomwe ili yoyenera kwa inu ndipo wonetsetsani kuti mukumvetsetsa mtengo wonse wa umwini [ndalama zonse za umwini] ndikuyerekeza mtengo wamagetsi ndi kukonza pakati pa zida.Nthawi zambiri mumaona kuti kugula zinthu zotsika mtengo kwambiri sikoyenera pa ntchito yanu .”
Majenereta a nayitrogeni amagwiritsa ntchito kompresa ya mpweya, ndipo mafakitale ambiri opangira mowa ali ndi imodzi, yomwe ili yothandiza.
Ndi ma air compressor ati omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito popangira mowa?Amakankhira madzimadzi kudzera m'mapaipi ndi akasinja.Mphamvu zotumizira ndi kuwongolera ma pneumatic.Aeration wa wort, yisiti kapena madzi.valve control.Tsukani gasi kuti mutulutse matope m'matanki poyeretsa ndikuthandizira kuyeretsa maenje.
Ntchito zambiri zopangira moŵa zimafunikira kugwiritsa ntchito mwapadera ma compressor opanda mpweya 100%.Mafuta akafika pa mowawo, amapha yisitiyo n’kuphwetsa thovulo, lomwe limawononga chakumwacho ndi kupangitsa mowawo kukhala woipa.
Ndichiwopsezo chachitetezo.Chifukwa makampani opanga zakudya ndi zakumwa ndi okhudzidwa kwambiri, pali miyezo yokhazikika yaukhondo ndi yoyera, ndipo moyenerera.Chitsanzo: Sullair SRL mndandanda wopanda mafuta compressor mpweya kuchokera 10 mpaka 15 hp.(kuyambira 7.5 mpaka 11 kW) ndi oyenererana ndi malo opangira mowa.Opanga moŵa amasangalala ndi bata la mitundu iyi ya makina.Mndandanda wa SRL umapereka phokoso lotsika mpaka 48dBA, kupangitsa kuti kompresa ikhale yoyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'nyumba popanda chipinda chopanda phokoso.
Pamene mpweya waukhondo uli wofunikira, monga m'malo opangira moŵa ndi m'malo opangira mowa, mpweya wopanda mafuta ndi wofunikira.Tinthu tating'onoting'ono tamafuta mumpweya woponderezedwa titha kuyipitsa njira zakutsika ndi kupanga.Popeza kuti malo ambiri opangira moŵa amapangira migolo masauzande ambiri kapena moŵa wambiri pachaka, palibe amene angakwanitse kuchita zimenezi.Ma compressor opanda mafuta ndi oyenera makamaka kugwiritsa ntchito pomwe mpweya umalumikizana mwachindunji ndi feedstock.Ngakhale m'mapulogalamu omwe palibe kulumikizana kwachindunji pakati pa zosakaniza ndi mpweya, monga m'mizere yoyikamo, kompresa yopanda mafuta imathandizira kuti chinthu chomaliza chikhale choyera kuti mukhale ndi mtendere wamumtima.
Nthawi yotumiza: Jan-06-2023