HANGZHOU NUZHUO TECHNOLOGY GROUP CO.,LTD.

Makampani opanga mowa aluso amagwiritsa ntchito CO2 m'njira zambiri zodabwitsa popangira mowa, kulongedza ndi kuperekera: kusuntha mowa kapena chinthu kuchokera ku thanki kupita ku thanki, kusintha mpweya kukhala chinthu, kuyeretsa mpweya musanapake, kulongedza mowa panthawiyi, kutsuka matanki a ku Britain asanayambe kutsuka ndi kuyeretsa, kuyika mowa m'mabotolo mu lesitilanti kapena bala. Izi ndi zoyambira chabe.
"Timagwiritsa ntchito CO2 m'malo onse opangira mowa ndi malo ogulitsira mowa," akutero Max McKenna, mkulu woyang'anira malonda ku Dorchester Brewing Co. ku Boston. Timapereka mowa - pagawo lililonse la ntchitoyi.
Monga mafakitale ambiri opanga mowa, Dorchester Brewing ikukumana ndi kusowa kwa CO2 yabwino kwambiri yomwe imafunika kuti igwire ntchito (werengani zifukwa zonse za kusowa kumeneku apa).
"Chifukwa cha mapangano athu, ogulitsa athu a CO2 omwe alipo pano sanakweze mitengo yawo ngakhale mitengo ikukwera m'mbali zina zamsika," adatero McKenna. "Mpaka pano, zotsatira zake zakhala makamaka pa kugawa kochepa."
Pofuna kulimbitsa kusowa kwa CO2, Dorchester Brewing nthawi zina amagwiritsa ntchito nayitrogeni m'malo mwa CO2.
“Tinatha kusuntha ntchito zambiri kupita ku nayitrogeni,” McKenna adapitiliza. “Zina mwa zofunika kwambiri zinali kutsuka zitini ndikuphimba mpweya panthawi yoika m'zitini ndi kutseka. Ichi ndiye chowonjezera chachikulu kwambiri kwa ife chifukwa njirazi zimafuna CO2 yambiri. Kwa nthawi yayitali tinali ndi chomera chapadera cha nitro. Timagwiritsa ntchito jenereta yapadera ya nayitrogeni kuti tipange nayitrogeni yonse ya bar - ya nitro yapadera komanso mowa wathu wosakaniza.”
N2 ndi mpweya wosagwira ntchito bwino kwambiri womwe umapezeka m'nyumba zopangira mowa, m'masitolo ogulitsa mabotolo ndi m'mabala. N2 ndi yotsika mtengo kuposa CO2 pa zakumwa ndipo nthawi zambiri imapezeka, kutengera kupezeka kwa mpweya m'dera lanu.
N2 ingagulidwe ngati mpweya m'masilinda amphamvu kwambiri kapena ngati madzi mu Dewars kapena matanki akuluakulu osungiramo zinthu. Nayitrogeni ingapangidwenso pamalopo pogwiritsa ntchito jenereta ya nayitrogeni. Majenereta a nayitrogeni amagwira ntchito pochotsa mamolekyu a okosijeni mumlengalenga.
Nayitrogeni ndiye chinthu chochuluka kwambiri (78%) mumlengalenga wa Dziko Lapansi, chotsalacho ndi mpweya wa okosijeni ndi mpweya wochepa. Chimapangitsanso kuti chikhale chotetezeka ku chilengedwe chifukwa mumatulutsa CO2 yochepa.
Popanga mowa ndi kulongedza, N2 ingagwiritsidwe ntchito kuletsa mpweya kulowa mu mowa. Ikagwiritsidwa ntchito bwino (anthu ambiri amasakaniza CO2 ndi N2 akamagwiritsa ntchito mowa wokhala ndi carbonated) N2 ingagwiritsidwe ntchito kuyeretsa matanki, kusamutsa mowa kuchokera mu thanki kupita ku thanki, kupondereza ma keg musanasungidwe, pamene mpweya ukulowa pansi pa zivundikiro. Mu mipiringidzo, nitro imagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mizere yamadzi apampopi a nitropiv komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu yayikulu/kutali komwe nayitrogeni imasakanizidwa ndi kuchuluka kwa CO2 kuti mowa usatuluke thovu pa thanki. N2 ingagwiritsidwenso ntchito ngati mpweya wothira madzi kuti uchotse mpweya ngati izi ndi gawo la njira yanu.
Tsopano, monga tidanenera m'nkhani yathu yapitayi yokhudza kusowa kwa CO2, nayitrogeni si njira yeniyeni yolowa m'malo mwa CO2 mu ntchito zonse zopangira mowa. Mpweya uwu umagwira ntchito mosiyana. Uli ndi kulemera kosiyana kwa mamolekyulu ndi kuchulukana kosiyana.
Mwachitsanzo, CO2 imasungunuka kwambiri mu zakumwa kuposa N2. Ichi ndichifukwa chake nayitrogeni imapanga thovu laling'ono komanso kumverera kosiyana mu mowa. Ichi ndichifukwa chake opanga mowa amagwiritsa ntchito madontho a nayitrogeni amadzimadzi m'malo mwa nayitrogeni ya mpweya ku mowa wa nitrate. Carbon dioxide imawonjezeranso kuwawa kapena kuwawa komwe nayitrogeni siimapanga, zomwe zingasinthe mawonekedwe a kukoma, anthu akutero. Kusintha kukhala nayitrogeni sikungathetse mavuto onse a carbon dioxide.
“Pali kuthekera,” akutero Chuck Skepek, mkulu wa mapulogalamu aukadaulo opangira mowa ku Brewers Institute, “koma nayitrogeni si mankhwala othana ndi vuto kapena yankho lachangu. CO2 ndi nayitrogeni zimachita mosiyana kwambiri. Mudzapeza nayitrogeni wochuluka wosakanikirana ndi mpweya womwe uli mu thanki kuposa ngati mutachotsa CO2. Chifukwa chake idzafunika nayitrogeni wochuluka. Ndimamva izi mobwerezabwereza.
"Wopanga mowa wina amene ndimamudziwa anali wanzeru kwambiri ndipo anayamba kusintha carbon dioxide ndi nayitrogeni, ndipo mowa wawo unali ndi mpweya wambiri, kotero tsopano akugwiritsa ntchito chisakanizo cha nayitrogeni ndi carbon dioxide, ndipo mwayi wake unali wochepa. Osati kungonena kuti, "Hei, tiyamba kugwiritsa ntchito nayitrogeni kuthetsa mavuto athu onse. Ndizosangalatsa kuona zambiri zokhudza izi m'mabuku, tikuyamba kuona anthu ambiri akuchita kafukufuku, ndipo, mukudziwa, kuti abwere ndi njira zabwino zosinthira izi."
Kutumiza kwa mpweya umenewu kudzakhala kosiyana chifukwa uli ndi kuchuluka kosiyana komwe kungayambitse kusintha kwa uinjiniya kapena malo osungira. Mverani Jason Perkins, katswiri wopanga mowa ku Allagash Brewing Co., akukambirana za kusintha kwa makina ake opangira mabotolo ndi manifold a gasi kuti agwiritse ntchito CO2 podzaza mbale ndi N2 potseka ndi kutseka thovu. Kusungirako kungasiyane.
"Pali kusiyana kwina, chifukwa cha momwe timapezera nayitrogeni," adatero McKenna. "Timapeza nayitrogeni wamadzimadzi wokha mu dewars, kotero kusunga kwake ndikosiyana kwambiri ndi matanki athu a CO2: ndi ang'onoang'ono, pama roller ndipo amasungidwa mufiriji. Tapititsa patsogolo kwambiri. carbon dioxide kukhala nayitrogeni, koma kachiwiri, timasamala kwambiri momwe tingasinthire bwino komanso moyenera kuti titsimikizire kuti mowa uli pamlingo wapamwamba kwambiri pa sitepe iliyonse. Chofunika kwambiri, nthawi zina chinali chosinthira chosavuta kwambiri, pomwe nthawi zina chimafuna kusintha kwakukulu pazinthu, zomangamanga, kupanga, ndi zina zotero."
Malinga ndi nkhani yabwino kwambiri iyi yochokera ku The Titus Co. (yomwe imapereka ma compressor a mpweya, makina owumitsira mpweya, ndi ntchito zoyeretsera mpweya kunja kwa Pennsylvania), majenereta a nayitrogeni amagwira ntchito m'njira ziwiri:
Kusakaniza kwa Pressure swing: Kusakaniza kwa Pressure swing (PSA) kumagwiritsa ntchito ma sieve a carbon molecular kuti alekanitse mamolekyu. Sieve ili ndi ma pores ofanana ndi mamolekyu a okosijeni, omwe amatseka mamolekyuwo akamadutsa ndikulola mamolekyu akuluakulu a nayitrogeni kudutsa. Kenako jenereta imatulutsa mpweya kudzera m'chipinda china. Zotsatira za njirayi ndikuti kuyera kwa nayitrogeni kumatha kufika 99.999%.
Kupanga nayitrogeni mu nembanemba. Kupanga nayitrogeni mu nembanemba kumagwira ntchito polekanitsa mamolekyu pogwiritsa ntchito ulusi wa polima. Ulusiwu ndi wopanda kanthu, wokhala ndi ma pores ang'onoang'ono okwanira kuti mpweya udutse, koma ndi waung'ono kwambiri kuti mamolekyu a nayitrogeni achotse mpweya mu mpweya. Majenereta omwe amagwiritsa ntchito njira iyi amatha kupanga nayitrogeni yoyera mpaka 99.5%.
Chabwino, wopanga nayitrogeni wa PSA amatulutsa nayitrogeni woyera kwambiri m'magulu ambiri ndipo pamlingo wothamanga kwambiri, mtundu woyera kwambiri wa nayitrogeni womwe mafakitale ambiri opanga moŵa amafunikira. Wopanda utoto wambiri amatanthauza 99.9995% mpaka 99%. Makina opanga nayitrogeni wa Membrane ndi abwino kwambiri kwa mafakitale ang'onoang'ono opanga moŵa omwe amafunikira njira ina yotsika komanso yotsika yamadzi pomwe kuyera kwa 99% mpaka 99.9% ndikovomerezeka.
Pogwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo waposachedwa, jenereta ya nayitrogeni ya Atlas Copco ndi chipangizo chopumira mpweya cha mafakitale chokhala ndi diaphragm yapadera yomwe imalekanitsa nayitrogeni ndi mpweya wopanikizika. Makampani opanga mowa aluso ndi omwe amafunidwa kwambiri ndi Atlas Copo. Malinga ndi pepala loyera la Atlas Copco, opanga mowa nthawi zambiri amalipira pakati pa $0.10 ndi $0.15 pa kiyubiki mita imodzi kuti apange nayitrogeni pamalopo. Kodi izi zikufanana bwanji ndi ndalama zomwe mumawononga pa CO2 yanu?
“Timapereka ma phukusi asanu ndi limodzi omwe amaphimba 80% ya mafakitale onse opangira mowa – kuyambira migolo masauzande ochepa mpaka mazana masauzande ambiri pachaka,” akutero Peter Askini, manejala wa chitukuko cha bizinesi ya mpweya wa mafakitale ku Atlas Copco. “Fakitale yopangira mowa imatha kuwonjezera mphamvu ya majenereta ake a nayitrogeni kuti ikule bwino pamene ikugwira ntchito bwino. Kuphatikiza apo, kapangidwe kake kamalola jenereta yachiwiri kuwonjezeredwa ngati ntchito za fakitale yopangira mowa zikukula kwambiri.”
“Kugwiritsa ntchito nayitrogeni sikuli cholinga cholowa m'malo mwa CO2 kwathunthu,” akutero Asquini, “koma tikuganiza kuti opanga vinyo angachepetse kugwiritsa ntchito kwawo ndi pafupifupi 70%. Mphamvu yayikulu yoyendetsera ntchito ndi kukhazikika. N'zosavuta kwambiri kwa wopanga vinyo aliyense kupanga nayitrogeni yekha. Musagwiritse ntchito mpweya wowonjezera kutentha.” zomwe zili bwino pa chilengedwe. Zidzapindulitsa kuyambira mwezi woyamba, zomwe zidzakhudza mwachindunji phindu, ngati siziwonekera musanagule, musagule. Nazi malamulo athu osavuta. Kufunika kwa CO2 kukukwera kwambiri popanga zinthu zotere, monga ayezi wouma, womwe umagwiritsa ntchito CO2 yambiri ndipo umafunika kunyamula katemera. Makampani opanga mowa ku US akuwonetsa nkhawa ndi kuchuluka kwa zinthu zomwe zimaperekedwa ndipo akudabwa ngati angathe kusunga mtengo wake mogwirizana ndi zosowa za fakitale yopangira mowa.”
Monga tanenera kale, kuyera kwa nayitrogeni kudzakhala nkhawa yayikulu kwa opanga mowa waluso. Monga CO2, nayitrogeni imalumikizana ndi mowa kapena wort ndipo imanyamula zinyalala pamodzi. Ichi ndichifukwa chake opanga nayitrogeni ambiri azakudya ndi zakumwa adzalengezedwa ngati mayunitsi opanda mafuta (phunzirani za ubwino wa ma compressor opanda mafuta mu chiganizo chomaliza m'mbali mwa tsamba ili).
“Tikalandira CO2, timayang'ana ubwino wake ndi kuipitsidwa kwake, komwe ndi gawo lina lofunika kwambiri pogwira ntchito ndi wogulitsa wabwino,” anatero McKenna. “Nayitrogeni ndi yosiyana pang'ono, ndichifukwa chake timagulabe nayitrogeni wamadzimadzi wokha. Chinanso chomwe tikuyang'ana ndikupeza ndikugula mtengo wa jenereta ya nayitrogeni yamkati - kachiwiri, ndikuyang'ana kwambiri nayitrogeni yomwe imapanga ndi Purity kuti ichepetse kutengedwa kwa mpweya. Timaona izi ngati ndalama zomwe zingagulitsidwe, kotero njira zokhazo zomwe zili mufakitale yopangira mowa zomwe zimadalira CO2 kwathunthu zidzakhala kusungunuka kwa mowa ndi kukonza madzi apampopi.
"Koma chinthu chimodzi chofunikira kukumbukira - kachiwiri, chinthu chomwe chikuwoneka chosankha kunyalanyaza koma chofunikira kwambiri kuti mowa ukhale wabwino - ndikuti wopanga nayitrogeni aliyense ayenera kupanga nayitrogeni pamalo achiwiri [monga kuyera kwa 99.99%] kuti achepetse kuyamwa kwa mpweya ndi chiopsezo cha okosijeni. Mlingo wolondola ndi kuyera kumeneku umafuna ndalama zambiri zopangira nayitrogeni, koma umaonetsetsa kuti nayitrogeni ndi wabwino komanso kuti mowa ukhale wabwino."
Opanga mowa amafuna zambiri komanso kuwongolera khalidwe lawo akamagwiritsa ntchito nayitrogeni. Mwachitsanzo, ngati wopanga mowa agwiritsa ntchito N2 kusuntha mowa pakati pa matanki, kukhazikika kwa CO2 mu thanki ndi mu thanki kapena botolo kuyenera kuyang'aniridwa nthawi yonseyi. Nthawi zina, N2 yoyera singagwire ntchito bwino (mwachitsanzo, akadzaza zidebe) chifukwa N2 yoyera idzachotsa CO2 mu yankho. Zotsatira zake, opanga mowa ena amagwiritsa ntchito chisakanizo cha 50/50 cha CO2 ndi N2 kuti adzaze mbale, pomwe ena amapewa kwathunthu.
Malangizo a N2 Pro: Tiyeni tikambirane za kukonza. Majenereta a nayitrogeni ali pafupi "kukhazikitsa ndikuyiwala" momwe mungathere, koma zina zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito, monga zosefera, zimafuna kusinthidwa pang'ono. Nthawi zambiri, ntchitoyi imafunika pafupifupi maola 4000 aliwonse. Gulu lomwelo lomwe limasamalira compressor yanu ya mpweya lidzasamaliranso jenereta yanu. Majenereta ambiri amabwera ndi chowongolera chosavuta chofanana ndi iPhone yanu ndipo amapereka mphamvu zonse zowunikira patali.
Kutsuka thanki kumasiyana ndi kutsuka kwa nayitrogeni pazifukwa zingapo. N2 imasakanikirana bwino ndi mpweya, kotero sigwirizana ndi O2 monga momwe CO2 imachitira. N2 ndi yopepuka kuposa mpweya, kotero imadzaza thanki kuyambira pamwamba mpaka pansi, pomwe CO2 imadzaza kuchokera pansi mpaka pamwamba. Zimafunika N2 yochulukirapo kuposa CO2 kuti itsuke thanki yosungiramo zinthu ndipo nthawi zambiri imafuna kuphulika kwambiri. Kodi mukusungabe ndalama?
Mavuto atsopano achitetezo amabukanso ndi mpweya watsopano wa mafakitale. Kampani yopanga mowa iyenera kukhazikitsa masensa a O2 kuti antchito athe kuwona mpweya wabwino wamkati - monga momwe mumasungira ma N2 dewars m'firiji masiku ano.
Koma phindu likhoza kupitirira mosavuta mafakitale obwezeretsa CO2. Mu webinar iyi, Dion Quinn wa Foth Production Solutions (kampani ya uinjiniya) akunena kuti kupanga N2 kumawononga ndalama pakati pa $8 ndi $20 pa tani, pomwe kutenga CO2 ndi fakitale yobwezeretsa kumawononga ndalama pakati pa $50 ndi $200 pa tani.
Ubwino wa opanga nayitrogeni ndi monga kuchotsa kapena kuchepetsa kudalira mapangano ndi zinthu za CO2 ndi nayitrogeni. Izi zimasunga malo osungiramo zinthu chifukwa mafakitale opanga mowa amatha kupanga ndikusunga momwe akufunira, kuchotsa kufunika kosunga ndi kunyamula mabotolo a nayitrogeni. Monga momwe zilili ndi CO2, kutumiza ndi kusamalira nayitrogeni kumalipidwa ndi kasitomala. Ndi opanga nayitrogeni, izi sizilinso vuto.
Majenereta a nayitrogeni nthawi zambiri amakhala osavuta kuwaphatikiza m'malo opangira mowa. Majenereta ang'onoang'ono a nayitrogeni amatha kuyikidwa pakhoma kuti asatenge malo pansi ndikugwira ntchito mwakachetechete. Matumba awa amatha kuthana ndi kutentha kwanyengo komwe kumasintha bwino ndipo amalimbana kwambiri ndi kusinthasintha kwa kutentha. Akhoza kuyikidwa panja, koma sakulimbikitsidwa m'malo otentha kwambiri komanso otsika kwambiri.
Pali opanga ambiri opanga majenereta a nayitrogeni kuphatikizapo Atlas Copco, Parker Hannifin, South-Tek Systems, Milcarb ndi Holtec Gas Systems. Jenereta yaying'ono ya nayitrogeni ikhoza kuwononga pafupifupi $800 pamwezi pansi pa pulogalamu yobwereketsa ya zaka zisanu, anatero Asquini.
“Pamapeto pake, ngati nayitrogeni ndi yoyenera kwa inu, muli ndi ogulitsa ndi ukadaulo wosiyanasiyana woti musankhe,” anatero Asquini. “Pezani yomwe ili yoyenera kwa inu ndikutsimikiza kuti mukumvetsa bwino mtengo wonse wa umwini [mtengo wonse wa umwini] ndikuyerekeza ndalama zamagetsi ndi kukonza pakati pa zipangizo. Nthawi zambiri mudzapeza kuti kugula yotsika mtengo sikoyenera ntchito yanu.”
Makina opangira nayitrogeni amagwiritsa ntchito chipangizo choyezera mpweya, ndipo mafakitale ambiri opanga mowa ali nacho kale, chomwe ndi chothandiza.
Ndi ma compressor otani a mpweya omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mafakitale opanga mowa? Amakankhira madzi m'mapaipi ndi m'matangi. Mphamvu yotumizira ndi kulamulira mpweya. Kutulutsa mpweya wa wort, yisiti kapena madzi. valavu yowongolera. Chotsani mpweya kuti mutulutse matope m'matangi panthawi yoyeretsa komanso kuti muthandize kuyeretsa mabowo.
Mafakitale ambiri ofulula mowa amafuna kugwiritsa ntchito mwapadera ma compressor a mpweya opanda mafuta 100%. Ngati mafutawo akhudzana ndi mowa, amapha yisiti ndikuchepetsa thovu, zomwe zimawononga chakumwacho ndikupangitsa mowa kukhala woipa.
Komanso ndi chiopsezo cha chitetezo. Chifukwa makampani opanga zakudya ndi zakumwa ndi ochezeka kwambiri, pali miyezo yokhwima yaubwino ndi kuyera komwe kulipo, ndipo moyenera. Chitsanzo: Ma compressor a Sullair SRL series opanda mafuta kuyambira 10 mpaka 15 hp. (kuyambira 7.5 mpaka 11 kW) ndi oyenera kwambiri mafakitale opanga mowa. Makampani opanga mowa amasangalala ndi bata la mitundu iyi ya makina. Mndandanda wa SRL umapereka phokoso lotsika mpaka 48dBA, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti compressor ikhale yoyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'nyumba popanda chipinda china chopanda phokoso.
Mpweya woyera ukakhala wofunika kwambiri, monga m'mafakitale opanga mowa ndi mafakitale opanga mowa, mpweya wopanda mafuta ndi wofunikira. Tinthu tamafuta mu mpweya wopanikizika tingawononge njira zopangira ndi kupanga. Popeza mafakitale ambiri opanga mowa amapanga migolo zikwizikwi kapena mabotolo angapo a mowa pachaka, palibe amene angakwanitse kutenga chiopsezo chimenecho. Ma compressor opanda mafuta ndi oyenera makamaka kugwiritsidwa ntchito pamene mpweya umakhudzana mwachindunji ndi chakudya. Ngakhale m'mafakitale omwe palibe kukhudzana mwachindunji pakati pa zosakaniza ndi mpweya, monga m'mizere yopakira, compressor yopanda mafuta imathandiza kuti chinthu chomaliza chikhale choyera kuti pakhale mtendere wamumtima.